利用短短芽孢杆菌进行酮还原酶CgKR2的高效表达与纯化

酮还原酶CgKR2能够一步还原前手性羰基化合物生成高附加值的手性醇,有望解决手性醇传统制备方法的步骤烦琐和高成本问题,具有很高的经济效益。研究表明,CgKR2催化底物2-氧代-4-苯基丁酸乙酯(OPBE)生成普利类降压药的重要中间体(R)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸乙酯[(R)-HPBE]具有良好效果。但CgKR2的生产成本高昂、过程烦琐。利用短短芽孢杆菌胞外分泌表达酮还原酶CgKR2,获得该酶的高效表达,并经简便的一步镍亲和层析纯化,即获得高纯度酮还原酶CgKR2,产率高达每升发酵7. 8mg纯酶。以酶标板法测定其比活力、温度稳定性以及动力学参数等基本酶学性质,结果显示,CgKR2的比活力为(78. 32±7. 62) U/mg、Km为(0. 2±0. 02) mmol/L、Vmax为(117. 64±3. 6)μmol/(min·mg)、Kcat为73s-1,与以往报道的数据一致,并且获得的CgKR2纯酶在30℃下孵育72h依然保持80%的活性,酶活的稳定性远好于以往的制备方法。开发出的一套简便高效的酮还原酶CgKR2表达纯化工艺,降低了生产成本、简化了生产工艺,可推进手性醇生物催化制备的普及,对其他生物催化工程酶的制备方法研究也有借鉴作用。     

利用CRISPR/Cas9技术建立敲除JAK2基因K562细胞系

目的:利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对K562细胞系JAK2基因进行编辑,构建JAK2基因敲除的K562细胞系。方法:使用CRISPR在线设计工具,针对JAK2基因设计sgRNA,构建Cas9-sgRNA共表达质粒。使用第二代慢病毒包装系统包装慢病毒并感染K562细胞,提取细胞基因组DNA,Sanger测序和TA克隆检测基因编辑活性。无限稀释法将编辑阳性的细胞接种于96孔板并扩培得到单克隆细胞株,提取基因组DNA,Sanger测序和TA克隆分析敲除JAK2单克隆细胞的基因型。结果:成功构建靶向敲除JAK2基因的lentiCRISPRv2-sgRNA3-1质粒。优化方案得到低细胞毒性高转染效率的感染K562细胞慢病毒量。CRISPR/Cas9系统成功在JAK2基因sgRNA3-1识别位点发挥基因组编辑活性,获得纯合敲除JAK2基因细胞株K562-JAK2~(-/-)(两个等位分别发生移码突变,预期编码没有功能的JAK2蛋白)。结论:CRIAPR/Cas9系统通过慢病毒感染方式获得JAK2基因纯合敲除的K562细胞株,该细胞模型可用于研究在慢性髓系白血病中JAK2基因的作用,为构建K562敲除其他基因细胞系提供实验依据,为探究造血分化机制的研究奠定实验基础。     

蝉虫草样品的分级萃取与化学成分分析

利用索氏萃取技术,依次采用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、无水乙醇和甲醇等5种溶剂对蝉虫草纯粉进行分级萃取,运用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析法和气相色谱-质谱联用技术对5级萃取物进行分析鉴定。傅里叶变换红外光谱分析显示萃取物中含有与烯烃类、羧酸类、酯类、醇类和酮类等化合物相关的C-H、C=O、C-O和C=C等官能团。气相色谱-质谱联用技术共鉴定出有机小分子化合物34种,以酯类和脂肪酸类为主,多为碳链长度为15-20的长链脂肪酸及对应的酯,其中十八碳不饱和脂肪酸相对含量高达28.95%;分别存在于两种或以上萃取物中的有机化合物共有11种;仅存于石油醚萃取物中的化合物6种,乙酸乙酯萃取物中3种,丙酮萃取物中2种,无水乙醇萃取物中6种,甲醇萃取物中6种。在一定极性范围内,利用溶剂的极性梯度变化,可实现蝉虫草中活性物质的按极性梯度分离;采用分级萃取技术可有效分离蝉虫草中部分化学成分。鉴定结果充实了蝉虫草中化合物的种类资源,为蝉虫草中活性物质谱图库的完善、构效关系的建立及蝉虫草产品的利用开发提供支撑。     

Proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion by dual silencing of VEGF and Survivin in human osteosarcoma

Simultaneous silencing of multiple upregulated genes is an attractive and viable treatment strat-egy for many incurable diseases including cancer.Herein we used a dual gene-targeted siRNA conjugate composed of VEGF and Survivin siRNA sequences in the same backbone to inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis in two human osteosarcoma cell lines.We synthesized siRNA sequences targeting the VEGF and Survivin genes individually (VEGF siRNA and Survivin siRNA) or simultaneously (one-chain-double-target siRNA:dual siRNA).VEGF and Survivin mRNA and protein expression levels in human osteosarcoma MG-63 and Saos-2 cells were detected by qRT- PCR and western blot analysis.VEGF and Survivin protein location and expression were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.MG-63 and Saos-2 cell migration,proliferation,apoptosis,and angiogenesis were detected by scratch test,MTT assay,flow cytometry,and capillary tube assay respectively.The dual siRNA induced similar downregulation of VEGF and Survivin mRNA and protein levels,compared with VEGF siRNA or Survivin siRNA alone.The dual siRNA caused greater suppression of MG-63 and Saos-2 cell migration,proliferation and angiogenesis,and promoted more cell apoptosis than VEGF siRNA or Survivin siRNA alone,suggesting that the effects of the dual siRNA on inhibiting cell proliferation,migration,and angiogenesis and promoting apoptosis were superior to those of the single-target siRNAs.Simultaneous silencing of VEGF and Survivin using the dual siRNA may be an advantageous alternative for the development of therapeutic strategies against human osteosarcoma.     

Progression of carotid artery disease could stratify a risk of coronary artery disease patients with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes is a common risk factor associated with coronary artery disease (CAD).Importantly,hereditary CAD cannot be discounted which accounts for about one quater of the cases [1].Carotid artery disease (CARD) shares the same risk factors as CAD [2].     

Reactive oxygen species accumulation patterns of alfalfa root nodules identified using an optimized method

ROS include superoxide anion radical (O2^-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen (0-0), hydroxyl radical (OH ), and hydroxyl anion (OH-). O2^-, the radical with the highest oxidation compacity to produce H2O2, OH and OH^-, is a byproduct of aerobic respiration in organisms. Rhizobia and their legume hosts are aerobic organisms, and nitrogen-fixing nodules formed on legume roots are developed from their symbiotic in teractions. Therefore, ROS are generated in legume nodules through aerobic respiration by both symbiotic partners.     

Morphophysiological and molecular evidence supporting the augmentative role of Piriformospora indica in mitigation of salinity in Cucumis melo L.

Salinity is one of the major limiting factors in plant growth and productivity.Cucumis melo L.is a widely cultivated plant,but its productivity is significantly influenced by the level of salinity in soil.Symbiotic colonization of plants with Piriformospora indica has shown a promotion in plants growth and tolerance against biotic stress.In this study,physiological markers such as ion analysis,antioxidant determination,proline content,electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll measurement were assessed in melon cultivar under two concentrations(100 and 200 mM)of NaCl with and without P.indica inoculation.Results showed that the endophytic inoculation consistently upregulated the level of antioxidants,enhanced plants to antagonize salinity stress.The expression level of an RNA editing factor(SLO2)which is known to participate in mitochondria electron transport chain was analyzed,and its full mRNA sequence was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE).Under salinity stress,the expression level of SLO2 was increased,enhancing the plant’s capability to adapt to the stress.However,P.indica inoculation further elevated the expression level of SLO2.These findings suggested that the symbiotic association of fungi could help the plants to tolerate the salinity stress.     

β2糖蛋白I及其抗体在抗磷脂抗体综合症病理进程中的作用探讨

抗磷脂抗体综合症(Antiphospholipid syndrome,APS)是以反复的动脉和静脉血栓形成为特征,与内皮细胞及单核淋巴细胞功能失调有关。β2糖蛋白Ⅰ是一种磷脂结合型糖蛋白,抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ抗体与血栓形成密切相关,并且在APS的发生发展过程中具有决定性作用,但是抗β2糖蛋白Ⅰ及其抗体的功能尚未阐明。本文将围绕β2GPⅠ及其抗体的结构、生物学功能及其在血栓形成中的作用等方面进行详细的阐述,期望为APS发生发展过程中抗原抗体复合物调节细胞功能的分子机制提供新的视点。     

螺内酯治疗老年高血压的临床疗效及对血清炎性因子水平的影响

目的:探讨螺内酯治疗老年高血压的临床疗效及对血清炎性因子水平的影响。方法:选择2017年6月至2018年12月我院收治的144例老年高血压患者,根据治疗方法的不同将其分为观察组80例与对照组64例。对照组给予硝苯地平治疗,观察组给予螺内酯治疗,两组均治疗观察4周,对比两组治疗前后的血清内皮素(Endothelin,ET)-1和血栓素(Thromboxane,TX)-B2含量、白介素(Interleukin,IL)-6与可溶性细胞间粘附分子(Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule,s ICAM-1)水平的变化及临床疗效。结果:所有患者完成治疗,无严重不良反应发生。治疗后,观察组的总有效率为98.8%,显著高于对照组(85.9%,P0.05)。两组治疗后24 h收缩压(Systolic blood pressure,SBP)和舒张压(Diastolic bloodpressure,DBP)、血清ET-1、TX-B2、IL-6与s ICAM-1水平均显著低于治疗前(P0.05),且观察组以上指标均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:螺内酯治疗老年高血压的临床疗效明显优于硝苯地平治疗,可能与其明显抑制血清与ET-1、TX-B2、IL-6与s ICAM-1水平有关。